| 1 | #*------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|---|
| 2 | * EMSO Model Library (EML) Copyright (C) 2004 - 2007 ALSOC. |
|---|
| 3 | * |
|---|
| 4 | * This LIBRARY is free software; you can distribute it and/or modify |
|---|
| 5 | * it under the therms of the ALSOC FREE LICENSE as available at |
|---|
| 6 | * http://www.enq.ufrgs.br/alsoc. |
|---|
| 7 | * |
|---|
| 8 | * EMSO Copyright (C) 2004 - 2007 ALSOC, original code |
|---|
| 9 | * from http://www.rps.eng.br Copyright (C) 2002-2004. |
|---|
| 10 | * All rights reserved. |
|---|
| 11 | * |
|---|
| 12 | * EMSO is distributed under the therms of the ALSOC LICENSE as |
|---|
| 13 | * available at http://www.enq.ufrgs.br/alsoc. |
|---|
| 14 | * |
|---|
| 15 | *-------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|---|
| 16 | * Sample file for controllers |
|---|
| 17 | *---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|---|
| 18 | * Author: |
|---|
| 19 | * $Id: CSTR_noniso_pid.mso 295 2007-06-21 19:48:17Z bicca $ |
|---|
| 20 | *--------------------------------------------------------------------*# |
|---|
| 21 | |
|---|
| 22 | using "controllers/PIDs"; |
|---|
| 23 | |
|---|
| 24 | const_valv as positive(Brief = "Valve Constant", Default=1,Lower=0,Upper=100, Unit='m^2.5/h'); |
|---|
| 25 | |
|---|
| 26 | Model corrente |
|---|
| 27 | VARIABLES |
|---|
| 28 | Ca as conc_mol; |
|---|
| 29 | F as flow_vol; |
|---|
| 30 | T as temperature; |
|---|
| 31 | end |
|---|
| 32 | |
|---|
| 33 | Model CSTR |
|---|
| 34 | |
|---|
| 35 | PARAMETERS |
|---|
| 36 | ko as frequency (DisplayUnit='1/h'); |
|---|
| 37 | A as area; |
|---|
| 38 | At as area; |
|---|
| 39 | Ea as energy_mol (DisplayUnit='kJ/kmol'); |
|---|
| 40 | R as Real (Unit='kJ/mol/K'); |
|---|
| 41 | ro as dens_mass (DisplayUnit='kg/m^3'); |
|---|
| 42 | Cp as cp_mass (DisplayUnit='kJ/kg/K'); |
|---|
| 43 | U as heat_trans_coeff (DisplayUnit='kW/m^2/K'); |
|---|
| 44 | Hr as heat_reaction (DisplayUnit='kJ/kmol'); |
|---|
| 45 | |
|---|
| 46 | VARIABLES |
|---|
| 47 | Cv as const_valv; |
|---|
| 48 | T as temperature; |
|---|
| 49 | Tw as temperature; |
|---|
| 50 | V as volume; |
|---|
| 51 | Ca as conc_mol; |
|---|
| 52 | h as length; |
|---|
| 53 | tau as time_h; |
|---|
| 54 | rA as reaction_mol; |
|---|
| 55 | k as frequency (DisplayUnit='1/h'); |
|---|
| 56 | q as heat_rate (DisplayUnit='kJ/h'); |
|---|
| 57 | qr as heat_rate (DisplayUnit='kJ/h'); |
|---|
| 58 | in Inlet as corrente; |
|---|
| 59 | out Outlet as corrente; |
|---|
| 60 | |
|---|
| 61 | EQUATIONS |
|---|
| 62 | |
|---|
| 63 | "Balanço de Massa Global" |
|---|
| 64 | diff(V) = Inlet.F - Outlet.F; |
|---|
| 65 | |
|---|
| 66 | "Balanço de Massa por Componente" |
|---|
| 67 | V * diff(Ca) = Inlet.F * (Inlet.Ca - Ca) - (-rA) * V; |
|---|
| 68 | |
|---|
| 69 | "Tempo de residência médio" |
|---|
| 70 | tau * Inlet.F = V; |
|---|
| 71 | |
|---|
| 72 | "Balanço de energia" |
|---|
| 73 | ro * V * Cp * diff(T) = Inlet.F * ro * Cp * (Inlet.T - T) + qr - q; |
|---|
| 74 | |
|---|
| 75 | "Taxa de calor transferido" |
|---|
| 76 | q = U * At * (T - Tw); |
|---|
| 77 | |
|---|
| 78 | "Taxa de calor gerado" |
|---|
| 79 | qr = (-Hr) * (-rA) * V; |
|---|
| 80 | |
|---|
| 81 | "Taxa de reação" |
|---|
| 82 | -rA = k * Ca; |
|---|
| 83 | |
|---|
| 84 | "Equação de Arrhenius" |
|---|
| 85 | k = ko * exp(-Ea/(R*T)); |
|---|
| 86 | |
|---|
| 87 | "Geometria" |
|---|
| 88 | A * h = V; |
|---|
| 89 | |
|---|
| 90 | "Equação da válvula" |
|---|
| 91 | Outlet.F = Cv * sqrt(h); |
|---|
| 92 | |
|---|
| 93 | "Mistura perfeita" |
|---|
| 94 | Outlet.Ca = Ca; |
|---|
| 95 | Outlet.T = T; |
|---|
| 96 | end |
|---|
| 97 | |
|---|
| 98 | # processo com 1 CSTR controlado |
|---|
| 99 | FlowSheet CSTR_controller |
|---|
| 100 | |
|---|
| 101 | DEVICES |
|---|
| 102 | FEED as corrente; |
|---|
| 103 | CSTR1 as CSTR; |
|---|
| 104 | PIDL as PID; |
|---|
| 105 | PIDT as PID; |
|---|
| 106 | |
|---|
| 107 | VARIABLES |
|---|
| 108 | L_ad as Real; |
|---|
| 109 | Lmin as length; |
|---|
| 110 | Lmax as length; |
|---|
| 111 | T_ad as Real; |
|---|
| 112 | Tmin as temperature; |
|---|
| 113 | Tmax as temperature; |
|---|
| 114 | Lsp as length; |
|---|
| 115 | Tsp as temperature; |
|---|
| 116 | |
|---|
| 117 | CONNECTIONS |
|---|
| 118 | FEED to CSTR1.Inlet; |
|---|
| 119 | |
|---|
| 120 | SET |
|---|
| 121 | # Parâmetros do CSTR" |
|---|
| 122 | CSTR1.R = 8.3144 * 'kJ/kmol/K'; |
|---|
| 123 | CSTR1.U = 300 * 'kJ/h/m^2/K'; |
|---|
| 124 | CSTR1.ro = 1000 * 'kg/m^3'; |
|---|
| 125 | CSTR1.Cp = 4*'kJ/kg/K'; |
|---|
| 126 | CSTR1.Hr = -7000 * 'kJ/kmol'; |
|---|
| 127 | CSTR1.Ea = 6e4 * 'kJ/kmol'; |
|---|
| 128 | CSTR1.ko = 89 * '1/s'; |
|---|
| 129 | CSTR1.A = 8 * 'm^2'; |
|---|
| 130 | CSTR1.At = 25 * 'm^2'; |
|---|
| 131 | |
|---|
| 132 | PIDL.PID_Select = "Ideal_AWBT"; |
|---|
| 133 | PIDT.PID_Select = "Ideal_AWBT"; |
|---|
| 134 | |
|---|
| 135 | EQUATIONS |
|---|
| 136 | |
|---|
| 137 | "Equações do PID para controle de nível" |
|---|
| 138 | L_ad*(Lmax-Lmin)=CSTR1.h-Lmin; |
|---|
| 139 | PIDL.Ports.input=L_ad; |
|---|
| 140 | |
|---|
| 141 | "Equações do PID para controle de temperatura" |
|---|
| 142 | T_ad*(Tmax-Tmin)=CSTR1.T-Tmin; |
|---|
| 143 | PIDT.Ports.input=T_ad; |
|---|
| 144 | |
|---|
| 145 | "Variáveis manipulada" |
|---|
| 146 | CSTR1.Cv = 2.2136 * 'm^2.5/h' * PIDL.Ports.output; |
|---|
| 147 | CSTR1.Tw = PIDT.Ports.output*(Tmax-Tmin)+Tmin; |
|---|
| 148 | |
|---|
| 149 | #Parâmetros do PID de nível |
|---|
| 150 | PIDL.Parameters.bias=0; |
|---|
| 151 | PIDL.Parameters.alpha=0.1; |
|---|
| 152 | PIDL.Options.action=-1; |
|---|
| 153 | PIDL.Parameters.gamma=1; |
|---|
| 154 | PIDL.Parameters.beta=1; |
|---|
| 155 | PIDL.Options.clip=1; |
|---|
| 156 | PIDL.Options.autoMan=0; |
|---|
| 157 | PIDL.Parameters.gain=1; |
|---|
| 158 | PIDL.Parameters.intTime=2.5*'h'; |
|---|
| 159 | PIDL.Parameters.derivTime=0*'s'; |
|---|
| 160 | PIDL.Ports.setPoint=(Lsp - Lmin)/(Lmax - Lmin); |
|---|
| 161 | PIDL.Parameters.tau=1*'s'; |
|---|
| 162 | PIDL.Parameters.tauSet=1*'s'; |
|---|
| 163 | |
|---|
| 164 | PIDT.Parameters.bias = 0; |
|---|
| 165 | PIDT.Parameters.alpha=0.1; |
|---|
| 166 | PIDT.Options.action=1; |
|---|
| 167 | PIDT.Parameters.gamma=1; |
|---|
| 168 | PIDT.Parameters.beta=1; |
|---|
| 169 | PIDT.Options.clip=1; |
|---|
| 170 | PIDT.Options.autoMan=0; |
|---|
| 171 | PIDT.Parameters.gain=1; |
|---|
| 172 | PIDT.Parameters.intTime=2.5*'h'; |
|---|
| 173 | PIDT.Parameters.derivTime=1*'h'; |
|---|
| 174 | PIDT.Ports.setPoint=(Tsp - Tmin)/(Tmax - Tmin); |
|---|
| 175 | PIDT.Parameters.tau=1*'s'; |
|---|
| 176 | PIDT.Parameters.tauSet=1*'s'; |
|---|
| 177 | |
|---|
| 178 | "Valores limites para normalizações" |
|---|
| 179 | Lmax=5*'m'; |
|---|
| 180 | Lmin=0*'m'; |
|---|
| 181 | Tmax=700*'K'; |
|---|
| 182 | Tmin=230*'K'; |
|---|
| 183 | |
|---|
| 184 | "Variáveís da corrente de alimentação" |
|---|
| 185 | FEED.Ca = 300 * 'kmol/m^3'; |
|---|
| 186 | FEED.F = 3.5 * 'm^3/h'; |
|---|
| 187 | |
|---|
| 188 | #distúrbio regulatório |
|---|
| 189 | if time < 50 * 'h' then |
|---|
| 190 | FEED.T = 300 * 'K'; |
|---|
| 191 | else |
|---|
| 192 | FEED.T = 285 * 'K'; |
|---|
| 193 | end |
|---|
| 194 | |
|---|
| 195 | #mudança de set-point |
|---|
| 196 | if time < 100 * 'h' then |
|---|
| 197 | Tsp = 630 * 'K'; |
|---|
| 198 | else |
|---|
| 199 | Tsp = 400 * 'K'; |
|---|
| 200 | end |
|---|
| 201 | |
|---|
| 202 | if time < 150 * 'h' then |
|---|
| 203 | Lsp = 2.5 * 'm'; |
|---|
| 204 | else |
|---|
| 205 | Lsp = 4 * 'm'; |
|---|
| 206 | end |
|---|
| 207 | |
|---|
| 208 | INITIAL |
|---|
| 209 | CSTR1.Ca = 50 * 'kmol/m^3'; |
|---|
| 210 | CSTR1.h = 2.5 * 'm'; |
|---|
| 211 | CSTR1.T = 550 * 'K'; |
|---|
| 212 | |
|---|
| 213 | OPTIONS |
|---|
| 214 | TimeStep = 1; |
|---|
| 215 | TimeEnd = 250; |
|---|
| 216 | TimeUnit = 'h'; |
|---|
| 217 | DAESolver(File = "dasslc"); |
|---|
| 218 | end |
|---|
